Exercises in Identifying Adverb Clauses

Exercises in Identifying Adverb Clauses An adverb clause (also known as an adverbial clause) is a dependent clause used as an adverb within a sentence. These types of clauses can modify the whole sentence, as well as verbs, adverbs, and adjectives, and may show aspects such as time, reason, concession, or condition. These clauses may often start with words such as while, if, because, when, although, unless, since, so that, whereas, even if, in case, as long as, and other words. In contrast, an adjectival clause will modify a noun and start with a relative pronoun (that, who, whose, whom, or which) or a subordinate conjunction (when  and  where). Before doing these exercises, you may find it helpful to review the study sheet Building Sentences With Adverb Clauses. Practice Identifying Adverb Clauses Each of these  proverbial sayings contains an adverb clause. Identify the adverb clause in each sentence, and then compare your answers with those below. While the cats away, the mice will play.A lie travels around the world while truth is putting her boots on.If you dont know where you are going, any road will get you there.Memory is deceptive because it is colored by todays events.Never look down on anybody unless youre helping him up.You have to kiss a lot of toads before you find a handsome prince.Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.Life is what happens when you are making other plans.As soon as you forbid something, you make it extraordinarily appealing.Everything is funny, as long as its happening to somebody else.Don’t count your chickens before they hatch.If you want something done right, you have to do it yourself. When the going gets tough, the tough get going. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Cowards die many times before their death. Dont cross the bridge till you come to it. Dont put the cart before the horse. Answer Key In the following sentences, the adverb clauses are in  bold print. Examine what word or phrase theyre modifying and what aspect they show (time, reason, concession, or condition). For example, in sentence 1, the clause refers to the time that the mice will play. While the cats away, the mice will play.A lie travels around the world  while truth is putting her boots on.If you dont know where you are going, any road will get you there.Memory is deceptive  because it is colored by todays events.Never look down on anybody  unless youre helping him up.You have to kiss a lot of toads  before you find a handsome prince.Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.Life is what happens  when you are making other plans.As soon as you forbid something, you make it extraordinarily appealing.Everything is funny,  as long as its happening to somebody else.Don’t count your chickens before they hatch. If you want something done right, you have to do it yourself. When the going gets tough, the tough get going. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Cowards die many times before their death. Dont cross the bridge till you come to it. Dont put the cart before the horse.

50 Common Chinese Proverbs

50 Common Chinese Proverbs Chinese proverbs (è « ºÃ¨ ªÅ¾, ynyÃ… ­) are popular sayings taken from literature, history, and famous people such as philosophers. The expressions are often used colloquially as statements of wisdom or advice. There are hundreds of Chinese proverbs addressing all aspects of life, from education and work to personal goals and relationships. Key Takeaways: Chinese Proverbs Chinese proverbs are common sayings that express popular wisdom or advice.Some Chinese proverbs are taken from works of literature or philosophy. Books and Reading After three days without reading, talk becomes flavorless. - Reading helps people to stay in touch with interesting ideas. A book is like a garden carried in the pocket. - Reading helps people to grow intellectually. A closed mind is like a closed book; just a block of wood. - You cannot learn if you have a closed mind. Its better to be without a book than to believe a book entirely. - It is important to think critically rather than believe everything you read. A single conversation with a wise man is worth a month’s study of books. - Wisdom is sometimes more important than knowledge. Education and Wisdom If a son is uneducated, his dad is to blame. - Fathers are responsible for their childrens education. A jade stone is useless before it is processed; a man is good for nothing until he is educated. - Education is what turns people into productive human beings. Learning  is a weightless treasure you can always carry easily. - Unlike material goods, your education is something you always take with you. Teachers  open the door. You enter by yourself. - Education is not a passive process; to learn, you must desire to learn. True knowledge is when one knows the limitations of one’s knowledge. - It is important to recognize the limits of your education. Children and Family Vicious as a  tigress  can be, she never eats her own cubs. - A mother never hurts her children, even if she is strict. Govern a  family  as you would cook a small fish- very gently. - Do not be harsh in how you treat your family. To understand your parents love you must raise children yourself. - Only parents know what it is like to raise children. A child’s life is like a piece of paper on which every person leaves a mark. - Children are very impressionable. Giving your son a skill is better than giving him 1,000 pieces of gold. - It is better to support your child with education than money. Fear One cannot refuse to eat just because there is a chance of being choked. - You cannot let fear stop you from living your life. Clear conscience never fears midnight knocking. - If you live according to your conscience, you wont be troubled by guilt. Once bitten by a snake, he/she is scared all his/her life at the mere sight of a rope. - Trauma causes people to fear things that they have no reason to fear. Friendship With true friends, even water drunk together is sweet enough. - True friends only need each others company to enjoy themselves. Do not use a hatchet to remove a fly from your friends forehead. - Be gentle when criticizing your friends. Happiness If you want happiness for a lifetime; help someone else. - Happiness comes through helping others. A smile will gain you 10 more years of life. - Staying positive will improve your health. One joy scatters a hundred griefs. - It only takes a small amount of happiness to bring great relief. Better the cottage where one is merry than the palace where one weeps. - It is better to be poor and happy than rich and miserable. We count our miseries carefully, and accept our blessings without much thought. - We often take our blessings for granted. Patience You wont help shoots grow by pulling them up higher. - Some things happen slowly and there is nothing you can do to speed them up. A dish of carrot hastily cooked may still have soil uncleaned off the vegetable. - Take your time and do things properly rather than rushing and making mistakes. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. - Big goals are achieved through many small actions. Patience  is a bitter plant, but its fruit is sweet. - It is not easy to be patient, but patience will reward you. If you are patient in one moment of  anger, you will escape a hundred days of sorrow. - Keeping a cool head will help you avoid trouble. Personal Development A fall into a ditch makes you wiser. - Mistakes are opportunities to learn. Be not afraid of growing slowly, be afraid only of standing still. - Slow growth is better than stagnation. Before preparing to improve the world, first look around your own  home  three times. - Work on improving yourself before trying to improve others. A man grows most tired while standing still. - It is better to remain active than do nothing. When the winds of change blow, some people build walls and others build windmills. - Personal challenges can be opportunities for growth. The more you sweat in practice, the less you bleed in battle. - Preparing for challenges in advance will make it easier for you to meet them. All things are difficult before they are easy. - Nothing is easy the first time you do it. Better a diamond with a flaw than a pebble without one. - It is better to be ambitious and sometimes fail than to never try to do anything at all. Precautions Bad things never walk alone. - Troubles always come with other troubles. There are always ears on the other side of the wall. - Be careful about what you say; other people are always listening. When you are poor, neighbors close by will not come; once you become rich, youll be surprised by visits from (alleged) relatives afar. - When you have something people want, everyone will try to be your friend. Teamwork   Behind an able man, there are always other able men. - No one accomplishes anything alone. Three humble shoemakers brainstorming will make a great statesman. - Teamwork allows people to do much more than any one person could do on their own. Only when all contribute their firewood can they build up a strong fire. - It takes a group of people to build something that will last. Time An inch of time is an inch of gold but you cant buy that inch of time with an inch of gold. - Time equals money but money does not equal time. Age and time do not wait for people. - If you wait to get started, life will go on without you. The best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago. The second best time is today. - It is best to start a project as soon as you can. Do everything at the right time, and one day will seem like three. - Keeping an organized schedule will make you more productive. Persistence An ant may well destroy a whole dam. - What seems like a small amount of work adds up over time. A man who cannot  tolerate  small misfortunes can never accomplish great things. - You must learn to deal with setbacks if you want to achieve big goals.

EU LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

EU LAW - Essay Example This essay demonstrates the difference between persons who are established and those who are service providers within EU LAW. The essay outlines key distinction between services and establishment. There are some interesting examples of court practice concerning EU Directives application in cases of natural persons and companies. The essay considers the opportunity of dual establishment whereby one can continue to operate in its home state and can have branches in other Member States. The courts have stated that if an office is set up in the home state, that in itself would not be conclusive evidence as to establishment, similarly in respect service provider, he may set up ‘the infrastructure necessary for the purpose of performing the services in question’ in host state which can be an office, thus that would not be conclusive. In respect of establishment, the court in case 81/87 Daily Mail held that stated that Article 43 of Directive73/148 did not provide any directly effective measure for transferring a company to another member state without restrictions and thus it was found that Directive 73/148 applied only to natural persons and not to companies. Services can be way of movement of the person or analogous whereby no movement takes place. In respect of services, the important thing is its definition, which is in Article 50 TEC and stipulates the important thing that leads to determination of services, the first one being that services are temporary in nature and are under normal circumstances provided for remuneration. In respect of services being temporary in nature, the important decision was that of Gebhard. As far as remuneration is concerned, it is necessary to distinguish whether the services are economic nature or for a non-profit making purpose. A private school coming under the head of services was considered in Case 263/86 Belgium v. Humbel5 where it was found that the school was not â€Å"the nature of the activity is not affected by the fact that pupils or their parents must sometimes pay fees† so as to provide for operating expenses. However, in Case C-109/92 Wirth6 it was held that if the institute was operational with the aim of making a profit and the basic mode of financing was private fees, then that would be service under Article 49 EC Treaty. The courts have strongly detested discrimination on the basis of nationality, establishment or residence, as can be seen in Case 33/74 Van Binsbergen7 where the requirement of a person to be habitually resident in the host state was said to be contrary to Article 49 EC Treaty. 1b. In respect of Sylvester it is important to consider the decision of Gebhard whereby it was stated that the duration, regularity, periodicity and continuity of the provision of the services’ is looked into. As far as services are considered they are considered to be temporary in nature, and actual movement is not required. In respect of Sylvester the duration has been two years, as far as regularity is concerned that cannot be

Response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Response paper - Essay Example Although the demise of the Aztec empire opened up the New World for European settlers, it is a tragic event when seen from the viewpoint of the natives. Their millennia long indigenous culture and civilization was abruptly and most violently cut short by the foreign conquest. In my opinion, rather than merely being a historical fact, this tragic facet to this historical episode should serve as a warning for contemporary politicians and policymakers, and make them realize that greedy ventures lead to humanitarian losses. I would like them to understand that while Spain and later European contingencies benefited from this conquest, from broader perspective humanity was the loser. Another aspect of the book I was most impressed with is its objectivity. Although author Miguel Leon-Portilla was trained in western scholarly tradition, his analysis and presentation does not betray this fact. At the same time, the empathy shown toward the disadvantaged Aztecs is matter of fact and not melodramatic. In this regard I like the subaltern approach adopted by the author in constructing history. I appreciate this book for features such as these. The extensive research conducted by the author is also quite impressive. Not only did he peruse primary sources for gathering evidence (which are in indigenous Aztec language), he also gives numerous cross references for further study, which is useful for college students like me. The detailed list of bibliographical entries at the end of the book is another handy feature. As I read through the book, I was able to appreciate the effort that went into researching this book. For example, previous to this work there was scarce scholarship on pre-Columbian culture in Mexico and the Americas. This book fills that void that its value cannot be overstated. The author also succeeds in bringing lots

Concepts of Race and Ethnicity Essay Example for Free

Concepts of Race and Ethnicity Essay Define the following terms. You may use definitions from the class readings, or from outside sources. If your definitions are from outside sources, cite the source(s) using APA style with in-text citations and a reference list. |Term |Definition | |Ethnicity |a shared cultural heritage, which typically involves common | | |ancestors, language, and religion | |Race |is a socially constructed category of people who share biologi-| | |cally transmitted traits that members of a society define as | | |important. | |Xenophobia |. The fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners. | |Segregation |the physical and social separation of categories of people. | |Assimilation |the process by which minorities gradually adopt cultural | | |patterns from the dominant majority population. | |Pluralism | a state in which people of all racial and ethnic categories | | |have about the same overall social standing | |White privilege | | |Colonialism | | |Racial profiling |in which police or others in power consider race or ethnicity | | |to be, by itself, a sign of probable guilt— illustrates the | | |operation of institutional racism. | Part II: Short Answer Using your course materials, answer the following questions in about 200 words each. Use your own words. Define de facto segregation and de jure segregation, and give an example of each. Which are we most likely to see today? Why? What conclusion do Crutchfeld, Fernandez, and Martinez (2010) come to regarding the presence of bias in the criminal justice system? How has bias in the system changed over time? Give examples of how an individual’s race or ethnicity might impact their experience as a suspect, a perpetrator, and a victim of crime. Describe anti-Chinese immigration sentiment in the 19th century. Compare this to anti-immigration perspectives today. How are they similar? How are they different? Part III: Personal Reflection sing as many words as you consider necessary. Consider the racial and ethnic groups that you belong to. Do you feel that you are knowledgable about the history of those groups? Now consider groups you do not belong to. Is there a group you would like to learn more about? |Worksheet 2 | PAGE 1 | |ETH/125 Version 7 | |. |Worksheet 2 | PAGE 1 | |ETH/125 Version 7 | |.

The Biological Basis of Language Development Essay -- Health Medicine

The Biological Basis of Language Development "The principles and rules of grammar are the means by which the forms of language are made to correspond with the universal froms of thought....The structures of every sentence is a lesson in logic." BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF LANGUAGE "[H]uman knowledge is organized de facto by linguistic competence through language performance, and our exploration of reality is always mediated by language" (Danchin 29). Most higher vertebrates possess ‘intuitive knowledge’ which occurs as the result of slow evolution of species. However, the ability to create knowledge through language is unique to humans. According to Benjamin Whorf, "language†¦. is not merely a reproducing instrument from voicing ideas but rather is itself the shaper of ideas†¦. We dissect nature along lines laid down by language" (Joseph 249). In addition, the development and acquisition of language seems to be related to "complex sequential processing, and the ability to form concepts and to classify a single stimulus in a multiple manner" (Joseph 178). Antione Danchin suggests that the knowledge we create through language allows us distinguish ourselves from the rest of the world to produce models of reality, which become more and more adequate due to the "self-referent loop" which enables us to understand ourselves as objects under study. This "path from subject to object," which is common to all humans, Danchin claims, suggests the existence of a universal feature of language (29). Biological foundation of language may contribute significantly to such universality. The issue here is not whether language is innate, for, clearly, language must be learned. Nor is the issue whether the aptitude for learning a la... ...guage. Vol 58(2) 265-326, Jun 1997.    Modgil, Sohan and Celia Modgil. Noam Chomsky: Consensus and Controversy. New York: The Falmer Press, 1987. Persson, Inga-Britt. Connectionism, language production and adult aphasia: elaboration of a connectionist framework for lexical processing and a hypothesis of agrammatic aphasia. Helsinki, Finland: Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 1995. Schachter, Jacquelyn. Some semantic prerequisites for a model of language. Brain & Language. Vol 3(2) 292-304, Apr 1976. Schnitzer, Marc L. Toward a neurolinguistic theory of language. Brain & Language. Vol 6(3) 342-361, Nov 1978.    Skinner, B. F. Verbal behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1970. Vocate, Donna R. The Theory of A.R. Luria: Functions of Spoken Language in the Development of Higher Mental Process. Hillsdale[NJ]: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 1987.

Queen Elizabeth I Essay

The play ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ was written by William Shakespeare in 1594. From the theme and context of the play, I can conclude that it was probably written for a wedding. It would be similar to the epithalamion written at weddings at this time, but a more elaborate version. Many of the lines rhyme and it all has the feel of poetry: some beautiful and some seeming supernatural and spell-like. It canvasses all aspects of marriage through plot, characters and symbolism, touching on both light and dark areas. The tragic side is shown more through references that actually spelling it out; Pyramus and Thisby is one example of a union which ended in catastrophe. However, despite this, the main idea of marriage is perceived as harmonious; all is shown in a ‘comic’ frame, with a humorous touch and a happy ending. This would be an appropriate feel for a wedding play because it gives the concept of marriage an idyllic feel, telling the newlyweds what they want to hear: that marriage is a good idea. If you search the play in depth, you will find that not only is it about the union of people in a marriage, but also about the unity of opposing forces in nature and bringing harmony from chaos. It is also, in an even broader sense, about the Elizabethan ideals about God and the universe. To clarify exactly what these ideals were and how ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ defines them, I must start at the beginning with the story of Adam and Eve. Elizabethans believed in everything fitting into its natural place. After studying the sky, they thought the universe was made up of spheres, one containing the stars, one containing planets and so on. They thought the Earth was at the centre of the universe; the spheres they believed in were a way of dealing with the fact that different bodies in the sky moved in different ways. It was thought that these spheres made the world harmonious, but humans couldn’t see the true beauty of it because of Adam and Eve. The legend goes that Eve was tempted by the serpent and ate the forbidden fruit in the Garden of Eden. This, apparently, caused the whole human race to fall from God’s grace. Now, the relevance of this to ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ and the theme of marriage is that when this happened, it meant man kind could not the ‘music’ of the spheres; they were only told by God that everything had its place. Even the evil in the world has a reason for being there. Humans cannot see quite how everything fits in because of their sin. They do not fully understand why some things happened because they can’t see the ‘big picture’. This was illustrated by the ‘Great Chain of Being’. God came at the top of this chain, with angels under Him. Then came nature (represented by Oberon and Titania), people (shown in all the human characters), and below them animals, plants and rocks. Humans came between animals and Angels, a relationship personified by Bottom. He is a typical human, not very bright or beautiful, but just a normal working class person. He then has a link with both the animal and angel world; he is turned into an ass and he has a relationship with Titania. This establishes the link between animals, angles and humans, and also tells you about the human nature. They are always trying to find something greater that themselves (for example fairies or angels) but to the greater beings, they must look as animals do to us – far beneath them and having little or no brains. Also exhibiting the same way of thinking was the fact that men came above women in the category of humans. If you were to sum up the play with one idea, this is the single idea addressed most eloquently. Many events in ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ suggest the superiority of men, through the media of imagery, plot and characters, which will be tackled later. The Elizabethan idea of the cosmos is also addressed by the union of opposites connected with marriage. Their idea of the universe is that everything joins together perfectly and everything has its place. Things which may not seem to have a purpose will have been created by God for a reason; we just don’t know what that is. The prime example is the joining of a man and a woman in marriage. It may seem to make more sense to join two women or two men, as these will have more in common, but this play is trying to say a little of both the male and female persona is needed to make the match united. They are like opposite forces, but marriage brings them together. It is as is they have only half of the qualities needed to bring harmony and they must be brought together in marriage to make a ‘whole’. The same is also being expressed through the union of other opposite forces. There are many contrasting pairs which link hand in hand in this play: night and day; sleeping and waking; supernatural and mortal; discord and harmony; passion and reason; and ultimately female and male. These pairs are all the exact opposite of each other; and yet Shakespeare is presenting the notion that we need each half of the pair to make the world harmonious.

Cell Phone Usage in School Should Be Banned

Kaitlyn Sebastian Cell Phone Usage in School In a Wireless survey, it has been said that 91% of Americans use a cell phone. These devices have majorly advanced within the years and can be used for many things. Although cell phones have many great and convenient features, their usage in school should be banned because teens ignore the enforced rules, it can be used to cheat, and most have a camera feature that can be used to take inappropriate pictures of others. Teens these days are very â€Å"rebellious† in my opinion. Most don’t like being told what to do and like to be independent.So, when they know that there are rules in school against having cell phones around with you throughout the day, they ignore them because they always think they will never get caught. Teens can be very sneaky with what they do and can hide things easily. They know that the worst that can happen is having their phone taken away for the rest of the school day and then getting it back after. S ome schools could enforce the rule all day but, â€Å"Kids kind of roll their eyes, and I’m sure they have it out again 10 or 15 feet down the hall,† high school teacher Ed Stried remarked.Many schools allowed to have their phones collected in the beginning of the day and then at assigned times, students are able to use their cell phones, like during Study Hall, or lunch break. Many have found this unsuccessful because kids ignore it and can pretend that they did not have a cell phone on them and hide them through the day, sending texts or pictures. Teachers should not allow this because it can be such a distraction. Their phones should be checked and kept in their locker until school is over.Taking pictures brings me to my next point. Many new phones today have a built in camera feature that allows people to easily take a â€Å"quick-pic† anytime without bringing a whole different device, such as a digital camera. Despite its handy uses, this cool feature can b e used inappropriately. Bullying is also a major issue in school and it comes in many forms, like cyber bullying which includes through phones. Students, if allowed to use their cell phone at anytime throughout a school day, can also take pictures at anytime.Some may be used to shoot a memorable moment, and some may be used to take an embarrassing picture of someone. Many teens are on social networks, always posting updates and uploading pictures of their whereabouts. Many cellular devices allow a quick share feature that can upload the photo that you took straight onto your website. Students can take an advantage of this and may have intentions of not being nice to others in school. They can easily take a picture to make fun of someone or harass them and post it right away on Facebook for example.Having phones allowed to be used during school can cause other dangerous issues and can pose for serious consequences. These serious consequences can also take part when kids do the wrong things with the ability to text and take pictures. One major problem that usage in schools can lead to is cheating. Again, with a camera, kids can take pictures of tests or quizzes to share with other students who have it later in the day. They can also easily get away with texting their friends because most can text without looking at the keyboard.Another important thing is that you can also access the internet. They not only could go to inappropriate websites but also look up answers right in the palm of their hands. Yes, students can enjoy the freedom of being able to text their parents a quick message or check their email but this is unfair to all the students who do not cheat and work really hard studying, so this can be a real problem. Overall, being able to use a cell phone in school can lead to serious issues with students.It should be banned because students ignore the rules, can be used to take pictures inappropriately, and to cheat and/or share answers with others. The re sult of banning cell phone use in school will help maintain a safe and distraction-free atmosphere that all students can enjoy. Source Citation: â€Å"Schools continue to deal with cellular misbehaving. † Janesville Gazette [Janesville, WI] 5 Dec. 2010. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 26 Apri. 2012. â€Å"EDITORIAL: Policy on cell phone use effective. † Daily News [Bowling Green, KY] 30 Oct. 2009. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 26 Apri. 2012.

Biography of Lydia Maria Child, Activist and Author

Biography of Lydia Maria Child, Activist and Author Lydia Maria Child, (February 11, 1802–October 20, 1880) was a prolific writer and fervent activist for womens rights, Native American Rights, and abolition. Her best-known piece today is the homey Over the River and Through the Wood, but her influential anti-slavery writing helped sway many Americans toward the abolitionist movement. Fast Facts: Lydia Maria Child Known For:  Prolific author and activist for abolition, womens rights, and Native American rights; author of Over the River and Through the Wood (A Boys Thanksgiving Day)Also Known As:  L. Maria Child, Lydia M. Child, Lydia ChildBorn:  February 11, 1802 in Medford, MassachusettsParents: David Convers Francis and Susanna Rand FrancisDied: October 20, 1880 in Wayland, MassachusettsEducation: Educated at home, at a local dame school, and at a nearby womens seminaryAwards and Honors: Inducted into the  National Womens Hall of Fame (2007)Published Works:  Over the River and Through the Wood, Hobomok, The Rebels, or Boston before the Revolution, Juvenile Miscellany magazine, An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called AfricansSpouse: David Lee ChildNotable Quote: I was gravely warned by some of my female acquaintances that no woman could expect to be regarded as a lady after she had written a book. Early Life Born in Medford, Massachusetts, on February 11, 1802, Lydia Maria Francis was the youngest of six children. Her father David Convers Francis was a baker famous for his Medford Crackers. Her mother Susanna Rand Francis died when Maria was 12. (She disliked the name Lydia and was usually called Maria instead.) Born into Americas new middle class, Lydia Maria Child was educated at home, at a local dame school, and at a nearby womens seminary. She went to live for some years with an older married sister. First Novel Maria was especially close to and influenced by her older brother Convers Francis, a Harvard College graduate, Unitarian minister, and, later in life, a professor at Harvard Divinity School. After a brief teaching career, Maria went to live with him and his wife at his parish. Inspired by a conversation with Convers, she took up the challenge to write a novel depicting early American life. She finished it in six weeks. This first novel, Hobomok, has never been honored as a literary classic. The book is remarkable, however, for its attempt to realistically portray early American life and for its then-radical positive portrayal of a Native American hero as a noble human being in love with a white woman. New England Intellectual The publication of Hobomok in 1824 helped bring Maria Francis into New England and Boston literary circles. She ran a private school in Watertown where her brother served his church. In 1825 she published her second novel, The Rebels, or Boston before the Revolution. This historical novel achieved new success for Maria. A speech in this novel, which she put into the mouth of James Otis, was assumed to be an authentic historical oration and was included in many 19th century schoolbooks as a standard memorization piece. She built on her success by founding in 1826 a bimonthly magazine for children, Juvenile Miscellany. She also came to know other women in New Englands intellectual community. She studied John Lockes philosophy with activist Margaret Fuller and became acquainted with the Peabody sisters and Maria White Lowell. Marriage At this point of literary success, Maria Child became engaged to Harvard graduate and lawyer David Lee Child. Eight years her senior, David Child was the editor and publisher of the Massachusetts Journal. He was also politically engaged, serving briefly in the Massachusetts State Legislature and often speaking at local political rallies. Lydia Maria and David knew each other for three years before their engagement in 1827. While they shared middle-class backgrounds and many intellectual interests, their differences were considerable. She was frugal and he was extravagant. She was more sensual and romantic than he was. She was drawn to the aesthetic and mystical, while he was most comfortable in the world of reform and activism. Her family, aware of Davids indebtedness and reputation for poor monetary management, opposed their marriage. But Marias financial success as an author and editor allayed her own fiscal fears and, after a year of waiting, they were married in 1828. After their marriage, he drew her into his own political activity. She began to write for his newspaper. A regular theme of her columns and of childrens stories in Juvenile Miscellany was the mistreatment of Native Americans by both the New England settlers and earlier Spanish colonists. Native American Rights When President Andrew Jackson proposed moving the Cherokee Indians against their will out of Georgia, in violation of earlier treaties and government promises, David Childs Massachusetts Journal began virulently attacking Jacksons positions and actions. Lydia Maria Child, around that same time, published another novel, The First Settlers. In this book, the white main characters identified more with the Native Americans of early America than with the Puritan settlers. One notable interchange in the book holds up two women rulers as models for leadership: Queen Isabella of Spain and her contemporary, Queen Anacaona, Carib Indian ruler. Childs positive treatment of Native American religion and her vision of a multiracial democracy caused little controversy, mostly because she was able to give the book little promotion and attention after publication. Davids political writings at the Journal had resulted in many cancelled subscriptions and a libel trial against him. He ended up spending time in prison on this offense, though his conviction was later overturned by a higher court. Earning a Living Davids decreasing income led Lydia Maria Child to look to increase her own. In 1829, she published an advice book directed at the new American middle-class wife and mother: The Frugal Housewife. Unlike earlier English and American advice and cookery books, which were directed to educated and wealthy women, this book assumed as its audience a lower-income American wife. Child did not assume that her readers had servants. Her focus on plain living while saving money and time focused on the needs of a far larger audience. With increasing financial difficulties, Maria took on a teaching position and continued to write and publish the Miscellany. In 1831, she wrote and published The Mothers Book and The Little Girls Own Book, more advice books with economy tips and even games. Anti-Slavery Appeal Davids political circle, which included abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison and his anti-slavery cohort, drew Child into consideration of the subject of slavery. She began to write more of her childrens stories on the subject of slavery. In 1833, after several years of study and thought about slavery, Child published a book that was a radical departure from her novels and her childrens stories. In the book, awkwardly titled An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans, she described the history of slavery in America and the present condition of those enslaved. She proposed the end of slavery, not through colonization of Africa and the return of the slaves to that continent but through the integration of ex-slaves into American society. She advocated education and racial intermarriage as some means to that multiracial republic. The Appeal had two main effects. First, it was instrumental in convincing many Americans of the need for the abolition of slavery. Those who credited Childs Appeal with their own change of mind and increased commitment included Wendell Phillips and William Ellery Channing. Second, Childs popularity with the general public plummeted, leading to the folding of Juvenile Miscellany in 1834 and reduced sales of The Frugal Housewife. She published more anti-slavery works, including an anonymously-published Authentic Anecdotes of American Slavery (1835) and the Anti-Slavery Catechism (1836). Her new attempt at an advice book, The Family Nurse (1837), was a victim of the controversy and failed. Writing and Abolitionism Undaunted, Child continued to write prolifically. She published another novel, Philothea, in 1836, Letters from New York in 1843–1845, and Flowers for Children in 1844–1847. She followed these with a book depicting fallen women, Fact and Fiction, in 1846 and The Progress of Religious Ideas (1855), influenced by Theodore Parkers transcendentalist Unitarianism. Both Maria and David became more active in the abolitionist movement. She served on the executive committee of Garrisons American Anti-Slavery Society and David helped Garrison found the New England Anti-Slavery Society. First Maria, then David, edited the National Anti-Slavery Standard from 1841 to 1844 before editorial differences with Garrison and the Anti-Slavery Society led to their resignations. David embarked on an effort to raise sugar cane, an attempt to replace slave-produced sugar cane. Lydia Maria boarded with the Quaker family of Isaac T. Hopper, an abolitionist whose biography she published in 1853. In 1857, at 55 years old, Lydia Maria Child published the inspirational collection Autumnal Leaves, apparently feeling her career coming to its close. Harpers Ferry But in 1859, after John Browns failed raid on Harpers Ferry, Lydia Maria Child plunged back into the anti-slavery arena with a series of letters that the Anti-Slavery Society published as a pamphlet. Three hundred thousand copies were distributed. In this compilation is one of Childs most memorable lines. Child responded to a letter from the wife of Virginia Senator James M. Mason that defended slavery by pointing to the kindness of Southern ladies in helping slave women give birth. Childs reply: ... here in the North, after we have helped the mothers, we do not sell the babies. Harriet Jacobs and Later Work As the war neared, Child continued to publish more anti-slavery tracts. In 1861, she edited the autobiography of ex-slave Harriet Jacobs, published as Incidents in the Life of a Slave-Girl. After the war- and slavery- ended, Lydia Maria Child followed through on her earlier proposal of education for ex-slaves by publishing, at her own expense, The Freedmens Book. The text was notable for including writings of noted African-Americans. She also wrote another novel, Romance of the Republic, about racial justice and interracial love. In 1868, Child returned to her early interest in Native Americans and published An Appeal for the Indians, proposing solutions for justice. In 1878, she published Aspirations of the World. Death Lydia Maria Child died on October 20, 1880, in Wayland, Massachusetts, on the farm she had shared with her husband David since 1852. Legacy Today, if Lydia Maria Child is remembered by name, it is usually for her Appeal. But ironically, her short doggerel poem, A Boys Thanksgiving Day, is better known than any of her other work. Few who sing or hear Over the river and through the woods... know much about the writer who was a novelist, journalist, domestic advice writer, and social reformer. One of her greatest accomplishments seems ordinary today, but it was groundbreaking: She was one of the first American women to earn a living income from her writing. In 2007, Child was inducted into the  National Womens Hall of Fame. Sources Child, Lydia Maria. An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans, edited by Carolyn L. Karcher, University of Massachusetts Press, 1996.Child, Lydia Maria. Lydia Maria Child: Selected Letters, 1817–1880, edited by Milton Meltzer and Patricia G. Holland, University of Massachusetts Press, 1995.Karcher, Carolyn L. The First Woman in the Republic: A Cultural Biography of Lydia Maria Child. Duke University Press, 1998.

A Parents Guide to Notre Dame

A Parents Guide to Notre Dame Paris may have its legendary cathedral, but when it comes to famous Catholic universities, there is only one Notre Dame - and its in South Bend, Indiana. Heres the scoop: everything a parent should know about the Golden Dome and the Fighting Irish. The College: This venerable university with its glowing Golden Dome and breathtaking gothic architecture dates back to 1842. Its founder, a 28-year-old French priest, named it after Our Lady of the Lake, Notre Dame du Lac. The school is known for its top-notch academics - it regularly appears on the U.S. News World Reports top 25 - as well as its famous athletic programs and a 1,250-acre campus that belongs on any most beautiful list. Its stunning.Your child does not have to be Catholic to go here, but you should know that mass is held daily, the campus has 47 chapels and its prayer grotto is modeled after the one at Lourdes. Spirituality is important here and community service part of the schools ethos. Notre Dames 12,000 students - a figure that includes 8,400 undergrads - attend classes on the semester system. But the single most important thing parents should know is that Notre Dame students are so very happy here, both academically and personally, that 95% of the freshmen retur n sophomore year. And 95% of those students end up graduating from Notre Dame. Only Harvard and Princeton boast better stats. The Tab: Of course, all that glory - and all those small class sizes - comes at a hefty price. Tuition at the University of Notre Dame was $41,417 in 2011-12. Some 80% of the universitys students live in the colleges 29 single-sex dormitories. Add room and board - $11,388 - to the tab for a grand total of $52,805 per year. There is no Greek system here, but students remain in the same residence hall for all four years, which creates a tight-knit sense of community.The College Town: Technically, Notre Dame is in its own small town of Notre Dame, just outside South Bend. But from a parent perspective, thats mere envelope addressing. South Bend is the college town, and its a very nice one indeed with all the benefits of cosmopolitan life and small-town charm. In addition to visiting your college kid, you can also hike the winding riverbank trails, go white water rafting on the East Race Waterway or head for the recreational possibilities of Lake Michigan.Notre Dame is a two-hour drive ( 90 miles or so) from Chicago, so youll likely fly into OHare - although South Bend has its own small airport too. Just be aware that Notre Dame is on Eastern time, Chicago on Central. Chicago makes a great hub for any college tour. There are scores of terrific universities - Purdue, Northwestern, Loyola and more - all within a few hours drive. But if your interest lies in Notre Dame and Notre Dame alone, stay in South Bend, where there are plenty of hotels, including the much-beloved, 60-year-old Morris Inn, which is located right on campus. The Morris closed its doors in late 2012 for major renovations; it is expected to re-open in August 2013. (Tip: some hotels will give college visitors discounts, so be sure to call and ask - its not usually advertised online. Check with the Morris directly, when it reopens, to see if they plan to resume their parents club offers.)If youre visiting in the winter months, pack for snow. Its not as cold here as in Minnesota, but South Bend gets 81 i nches of snow per year and January temperatures drop down to the 20s and 30s Fahrenheit. One last thing: When its time for junior to fly home for the holidays, theres a bus service that runs between campus and OHare for about $35 one-way. More Important Details: This is a highly competitive school, but it produces some pretty incredible results. That high retention rate comes from the universitys first year of studies program, which teaches college study skills, helps students explore interests and offers support and guidance. Got a a possible pre-med? The Notre Dame acceptance rate into med school runs around 80% - the national average is closer to 40%. Community service is part of the culture here. Some 80% of the colleges students volunteer; more than 10% go on to join the Peace Corps.Got a musician with a penchant for sports? Notre Dames famous marching band dates back to 1843. Got a bel canto soprano, a bassoonist or jazz pianist? Notre Dame has an opera program, as well as jazz and classical performance and music education majors, and its performing arts center boasts five stages. But music majors here don’t declare until sophomore year, its possible to double major in music and another field, and auditio ns are for ensemble placement and scholarship consideration, not university admission. (Translation: Its a very fine program, but if your kid is considering Juilliard or Curtis, he probably wouldnt apply here. And if thats where you are in the decision-making process, this article on College Admissions for Music Majors may help.) Notre Dame is famous for its Division I athletics, and especially its Fighting Irish football team, which has notched 11 national championships and seven Heisman Trophy winners. More than 60 former players are in the College Football Hall of Fame. But Notre Dame also fields 25 other mens and womens varsity teams, as well as more than 80 intramural and club sports. Broom ball, anyone?Incoming Frosh Stats: Notre Dame is considered one of the nations 20 most selective universities, with a 29% acceptance rate. The average incoming freshman is in the top 4% of his high school class, with a SAT score of 1,390-1,490 out of 1,600 or an ACT of 32-34.The Law School: Notre Dames law school dates back to 1869 and its programs include the standard 3-year Juris doctor degree, as well as programs in international human rights and an LL.M. (Masters of Law) program in international law from Notre Dames London Law Centre. Admissions are extremely competitive, with more than 3,000 applicants vying for 183 places per year. The average accepted law student had a 3.64 college GPA and a 166 out of 180 on the LSAT. More? Visit the University of Notre Dames campus website for details on admissions for undergraduate study, law school, and grad school. This link will take you straight to information on scheduling a campus visit. If youre headed to the campus itself, visitor parking is at the corner of Eddy and Holy Cross Drive in Notre Dame, Indiana.

Green Mountain Resort Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Green Mountain Resort - Assignment Example His style of managing change include his innate desire to do what is good for the future of the organization but that there are diverse factors, both internal and external, that are beyond his control. According to Palmer, Dunford & Akin (2009), change managers who are caretakers have â€Å"little influence over the direction of change† (p. 30); likewise, as a nurturer, he recognized the ability of the organization to facilitate projecting a positive self-organizing development, by harnessing the organization’s strengths. When Gunter aimed to address the turnover as a problem, he sought other sources of credible information to assist him in solving it through validating the perspectives of the hospitality literature and by seeking the advice of a consultant. As such, he did not impose any form of coercion or autocratic control to steer change; nor did he allow indifference to set in. As such, since it was initially noted that Gunter, as part of the initial management an d now, a property owner, he had genuine intentions for envisioning Green Mountain as a first-class mountain resort. The hospitality literature? The hospitality literature exemplified the image of an interpreter, by â€Å"creating meaning for other organizational members (such as Gunter), helping them to make sense of various organizational events and actions† (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2009, p. 31). ... As emphasized, change managers as coach do not direct action towards members of the organization, but â€Å"relies upon building in the right set of values, skills and â€Å"drills† that are deemed the best ones that organizational members, as players, will be able to draw on adeptly in order to achieve desired organizational outcomes† (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2009, p. 31). By treating turnover as an asset, instead of a liability, the consultant capitalized on the strengths of training that has been consistently accorded by Green Mountain personnel as a means for recruited personnel to develop enhanced knowledge, skills, and competencies in their areas of endeavors. As noted, the turnover issues or problem, as it was initially pegged, was dissolved; and therefore, there is no evident need to solve it. 2. How did these assumptions influence prescriptions for dealing with â€Å"the turnover problem?† These assumptions enabled Gunter to see the turnover issue from different perspectives and by seeing potentials for change using the six images, as proposed. When taking roles and images of change managers from these points of view, Gunter was able to turn what initially was identified as a problem, into an opportunity and as an asset and strength of Green Mountain Resort. In so doing, there was no problem to solve, in the first place, and instead, these assumptions opened a new way of seeing things, of thinking outside the box and thereby classified the scenario as a second-order change: where â€Å"the change interventions are directed at the solution† (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2009, p. 42). 3. Choose another change image and apply it to â€Å"the turnover problem.† To what new